ESVP/ESTP/ECVP Congress 2024 -- In the last two decades, common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) have been more frequently used in preclinical toxicity studies due to their physiological similarities with humans. For instance, several surface receptors on marmoset lymphocytes are cross-reactive with monoclonal antibodies against the corresponding human variant and the hepatic metabolism mimics the human pathways more closely than other nonhuman primates (NHPs) (Han et al., 2022). Nevertheless, marmosets differ from macaques regarding spontaneous diseases and background pathology and only few descriptions are available in the literature that might complicate the interpretation of findings in this species. Thus far, myocardial degeneration has been described by Okazaki et al. as spontaneous background pathology in minimal to slight magnitude in single animals (5/59). Necrosis in the heart is described very rarely in the literature (2/597 animals in David et al., 2009).

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